WCAG 2.0 · Level A · Operable

WCAG 2.3.1 — Three Flashes or Below Threshold

Nothing should flash more than three times per second (a seizure risk) above the defined thresholds.

WCAG 2.3.1 at a glance

Level A · Principle: Operable · Added in WCAG 2.0. Level A is the minimum — failing it blocks some users entirely.

What it means

Nothing should flash more than three times per second (a seizure risk) above the defined thresholds.

Who it helps

People with photosensitive epilepsy.

Common failures

  • Rapidly flashing animations or video effects

How to meet WCAG 2.3.1

  1. Avoid rapid flashing
  2. Keep any flashing under three per second

How to test it

Manual — review animations/video (PEAT tool for analysis).

Frequently asked questions

Is WCAG 2.3.1 Level A or AA?
WCAG 2.3.1 (Three Flashes or Below Threshold) is a Level A success criterion, introduced in WCAG 2.0. Level A is the baseline.
How do I test WCAG 2.3.1?
Manual — review animations/video (PEAT tool for analysis).

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