WCAG 2.0 · Level A · Operable
WCAG 2.1.1 — Keyboard
All functionality must be operable with a keyboard alone.
WCAG 2.1.1 at a glance
Level A · Principle: Operable · Added in WCAG 2.0. Level A is the minimum — failing it blocks some users entirely.
What it means
All functionality must be operable with a keyboard alone.
Who it helps
Keyboard-only users, screen-reader users, and people with motor disabilities.
Common failures
- Custom controls (divs as buttons) that aren’t focusable or operable
- Drag-only interactions
- Menus that only respond to mouse
How to meet WCAG 2.1.1
- Use native interactive elements
- Ensure focusability and key handlers (Enter/Space)
- Provide keyboard alternatives to pointer actions
How to test it
Manual — unplug the mouse and operate the page.